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Children Living Near Nuke Facilities at Higher Risk of Leukemia ...
A recently published study in the current issue of the European Journal of Cancer Care has shown that children and adults living near nuclear facilities show an elevated risk of leukemia....
Findings revealed that death rates for children up to the age of nine were elevated by between five and 24 per cent, depending on their proximity to nuclear facilities, and by two to 18 per cent in children and young people up to the age of 25.
Incidence rates were increased by 14 to 21 per cent in zero to nine year
olds and seven to ten percent in zero to 25 year-olds, the study said.
The study was carried out by researchers from the Medical University of South
Carolina using a sophisticated meta-analysis of 17 research papers covering
136 nuclear sites in the US, Canada, the UK, France, Germany, Japan and Spain.
“Childhood leukemia is a rare disease and nuclear sites are commonly
found in rural areas, which means that sample sizes tend to be small. The advantage
of carrying out a meta-analysis is that it enables us to draw together a number
of studies that have employed common methods and draw wider conclusions,” said
lead author Dr. Peter J Baker.
Eight separate analyses including unadjusted, random and fixed effect models
also showed considerable consistency. However, dose-response studies, which
describe how different levels of exposure affects an organism, did not show
excess rates near nuclear facilities.
“Several difficulties arise when conducting dose-response studies in
an epidemiological setting as they rely on a wide range of factors that are
often hard to quantify. It is also possible that there are environmental issues
involved that we don’t yet understand,” said Dr. Baker.
“If the amount of exposure were too low to cause the excess risk, we
would expect leukemia rates to remain consistent before and after the start-up
of a nuclear facility. However, our meta-analysis, consistently showed elevated
illness and death rates for children and young people living near nuclear facilities,” he
added.
The research review looked at studies carried out between 1984 and 1999,
focusing on research that provided statistics for individual sites on children
and young people aged from zero to 25.
Four studies covered the UK, with a further three covering just Scotland.
Three covered France, two looked at Canada and there was one study each from
the USA, Japan, Spain, the former East Germany and the former West Germany.
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